Currently, recycling is part of the city's informal economy, carried out by a combination of garbage collectors who separate and sell the goods for their own profit, scavengers who sell materials they find in landfills, nonprofit organizations and companies in the recycling business.
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Citywide compliance with recycling laws is lagging, but some municipalities are educating their young people about the environment and instituting a recycling structure.
Other Latin American countries are well ahead of Mexico's recycling programs, but the nation has considerable incentives. Those incentives for stronger Mexican environmental policies include the NAFTA treaty, its membership in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and its trade relationships with the U.S. and Europe, according to a 2006 report by Maryland-based Raymond Communications.
Despite these incentives, Mexico recycles only about 6 percent of its solid waste, compared to 10 percent in Colombia and approximately 15 percent in Peru, but it has the potential to fairly easily recycle about one-third, the report says.
In Mexico City, the nation's capital and one of the world's biggest population centers, the need for effective waste management is clear. Its only landfill, Bordo Poniente, which has an operating budget of approximately $150 million per year, is likely to be closed in the next year and is now at risk of fracturing its base and leaking contaminants into the soil, according to local news reports. Mexico City has three separation plants, but they are controlled by powerful unions and only yield about 6 percent of the city's total trash as recyclable material. Separation of trash has been mandatory for residences and businesses in Mexico City since October 2004, but the problem is in how to implement the law when many neighborhoods don't have compartmentalized trucks.
NEIGHBORHOOD WATCH
The Miguel Hidalgo Delegation, one of 16 sections of Mexico City, has taken a novel approach--it took the 2004 solid waste law seriously and began to invest in recycling to reduce trash and keep the area clean. Neighborhood officials are modernizing trucks and educating citizens about trash separation, while leaving potential profits in the hands of collection crews. The delegation now separates its 700 tons of waste per day into about 50 tons of organic material for compost and 650 tons of inorganic material, which is sent to plants for further sorting and recycling.
Since Mexico City made trash separation mandatory by law three years ago, Miguel Hidalgo may well be the only delegation that has taken steps to institutionalize recycling. The delegation has purchased 11 trucks with space for organic and inorganic material, and its education campaigns in schools, businesses and public places like markets have made citizens more compliant in separating their trash.
Title II of the ISR Law, which regulates how legal entities should calculate their taxes, is complex and in many cases there are specific rules for particular situations. Despite this, in this section we briefly describe the procedure. Income tax is calculated by fiscal years which, as a general rule, coincide with the calendar year. The income tax rate is 28 percent. There is also a requirement to make provisional monthly tax payments for the annual tax incurred during the fiscal year.
{mosimage} Mexico has a federal system, copied from that of the United States of America and, just as in all federal systems, there are powers reserved for the Federal Government, powers reserved for the States, and concurrent powers.
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This federal system is also reflected in the ability to impose taxes in Mexico, since in accordance with our Constitution, certain taxes can only be imposed by the Federal Government, others can only be imposed by the States, and others can be imposed by either the Federal Government or the States.
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As a result of the above, tax matters in Mexico can be analyzed from three angles: (a) federal taxes, (b) local taxes, and (c) the international aspect.
{mosimage}San Luis Potosi has been one of Mexico’s bright spots over the past three years. Although it is a small market, it is home to some of the largest and fastest growing manufacturing companies in the country. San Luis Potosi is centrally located along the NAFTA Highway mid-way between Mexico City and the border and has good access to the major ocean ports on both coasts. The city has abundant industrial land and a dedicated, although slightly under skilled, labor pool. Recent growth has made San Luis an institutional real estate market and its small size does not prohibit it from being considered a tier 1 market in Mexico.
{mosimage}Aguascalientes is a second tier manufacturing market in Mexico. Its location off of the NAFTA Highway makes transportation somewhat difficult both for northbound products and those heading into central Mexico. However, there are some major operations located in the city and the skilled labor force and lower production costs will continue to attract new companies. Nissan is the biggest story in town and has recently attracted some new mid-sized suppliers to the area. We expect this city to grow, but not at a pace comparable to the El Bajio region or cities with better transportation access.
The state of Puebla is known for its natural resources, archeological sites, historical buildings, its gastronomy, and above all, it’s industrial leadership, qualified labor, the innovation of its companies and the State’s commitment to the integral development of all its region.
Mexican economy has proved a better performer above what experts had expected and the productive sector has allmost recovered its dynamic force. Business is improving in the region while tourism is still considered a high priority activity for the economic, social and cultural development of México.
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Other Latin American countries are well ahead of Mexico's recycling programs, but the nation has considerable incentives. Those incentives for stronger Mexican environmental policies include the NAFTA treaty, its membership in the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and its trade relationships with the U.S. and Europe, according to a 2006 report by Maryland-based Raymond Communications.
